Cold starting

Short journeys and frequent cold starts do not allow the engine to reach optimum operating temperature. This results in a significant increase in consumption levels (from +15 to +30% on the urban cycle) and emission of harmful substances.

Traffic situations and road conditions

Rather high consumption levels are tied to situations with heavy traffic, for example in queues with frequent use of the lower gears or in cities with many traffic lights. Also winding mountain roads and rough road surfaces adversely affect consumption.

Traffic hold-ups

During prolonged hold-ups (e.g.: level crossings) the engine should be switched off.